ebab7d0da53c51438720d60c6e2e467c - /page/wikibook/entry.mu

Micron Document

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</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the eighth major release of the classic Mac OS. For version 10.8 of macOS (formerly OS X), see <a href="OS_X_Mountain_Lion" title="OS X Mountain Lion">OS X Mountain Lion</a>. For the eighth release of macOS, see <a href="Mac_OS_X_Lion" class="mw-redirect" title="Mac OS X Lion">Mac OS X Lion</a>.</div>

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</style><table class="infobox vevent"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color: #e0e0e0;">Mac OS 8</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader">Version of the <a href="Classic_Mac_OS" title="Classic Mac OS">Classic Mac OS</a> operating system</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"></span><div class="infobox-caption">Screenshot of Mac OS 8.1</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="Programmer" title="Programmer">Developer</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="Apple_Computer" class="mw-redirect" title="Apple Computer">Apple Computer</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">OS family</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="Macintosh_operating_systems" class="mw-redirect" title="Macintosh operating systems">Macintosh</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Working state</th><td class="infobox-data">Historic, unsupported</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Source model</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="Closed_source" class="mw-redirect" title="Closed source">Closed source</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="Software_release_life_cycle#RTM" title="Software release life cycle">Released to<br>manufacturing</a></th><td class="infobox-data">July 26, 1997<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1997-07-26</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="Software_release_life_cycle" title="Software release life cycle">Latest release</a></th><td class="infobox-data">8.6 / May 10, 1999<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1999-05-10</span>)</span><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Supported platforms</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="PowerPC" title="PowerPC">PowerPC</a>, <a href="Motorola_68000_series" title="Motorola 68000 series">Motorola 68k series</a> (until 8.5)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="Kernel_(operating_system)" title="Kernel (operating system)">Kernel</a> type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="Monolithic_kernel" title="Monolithic kernel">Monolithic</a> (<a href="Motorola_68000_series" title="Motorola 68000 series">68k</a>),<br><a href="Nanokernel" class="mw-redirect" title="Nanokernel">nanokernel</a> (<a href="PowerPC" title="PowerPC">PowerPC</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="User_interface" title="User interface">Default<br>user interface</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="Appearance_Manager" title="Appearance Manager">Apple Platinum</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="Software_license" title="Software license">License</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="Proprietary_software" title="Proprietary software">Proprietary</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Preceded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="System_7" title="System 7">System 7</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Succeeded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="Mac_OS_9" title="Mac OS 9">Mac OS 9</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Official website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/19990922040915/http://apple.com:80/macos/">Apple - Products - Mac OS 8.6</a> at the Wayback Machine (archived September 22, 1999)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Tagline</th><td class="infobox-data">Mac OS 8-8.1: A new look. A new feel. A dramatically new experience. Mac OS 8.5-8.6: Faster. Smarter. Far more clever.</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Support status</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Historical, unsupported as of May 2001</td></tr></tbody></table>

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</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks hlist"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of a series on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle"><a href="Classic_Mac_OS" title="Classic Mac OS">Classic Mac OS</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span typeof="mw:File"></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content">

<div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #e4e4f0; padding: 0 3px; margin-top: 3px;;color: var(--color-base)">Versions</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content">

<ul><li><a href="System_1" title="System 1">System 1</a></li>

<li><a href="Classic_Mac_OS#System_1,_2,_3_and_4" title="Classic Mac OS">System 2, 3, and 4</a></li>

<li><a href="Classic_Mac_OS#System_Software_5" title="Classic Mac OS">System 5</a></li>

<li><a href="System_6" title="System 6">System 6</a></li>

<li><a href="System_7" title="System 7">System 7</a>

</tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content">

<div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #e4e4f0; padding: 0 3px; margin-top: 3px;;color: var(--color-base)">Applications</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content">

<ul><li><a href="Calculator_(macOS)" class="mw-redirect" title="Calculator (macOS)">Calculator</a></li>

<li><a href="Chooser_(Mac_OS)" title="Chooser (Mac OS)">Chooser</a></li>

<li>Drive Setup</li>

<li><a href="DVD_Player_(Mac_OS)" class="mw-redirect" title="DVD Player (Mac OS)">DVD Player</a></li>

<li><a href="Finder_(software)" title="Finder (software)">Finder</a></li>

<li><a href="NuCalc" title="NuCalc">Graphing Calculator</a></li>

<li><a href="Keychain_(software)" title="Keychain (software)">Keychain Access</a></li>

<li><a href="QuickTime" title="QuickTime">PictureViewer</a></li>

<li><a href="Apple_Open_Collaboration_Environment" title="Apple Open Collaboration Environment">PowerTalk</a></li>

<li><a href="QuickTime" title="QuickTime">QuickTime Player</a></li>

<li><a href="Network_Browser" title="Network Browser">Network Browser</a></li>

<li><a href="Scrapbook_(Mac_OS)" title="Scrapbook (Mac OS)">Scrapbook</a></li>

<li><a href="Sherlock_(software)" title="Sherlock (software)">Sherlock</a></li>

<li><a href="Apple_Software_Update" class="mw-redirect" title="Apple Software Update">Software Update</a></li>

<li><a href="Stickies_(Apple)" title="Stickies (Apple)">Stickies</a></li>

<li><a href="System_Information_(Mac)" class="mw-redirect" title="System Information (Mac)">System Information</a></li>

<li><a href="SimpleText" title="SimpleText">SimpleText</a></li></ul></div></div></td>

</tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content">

<div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #e4e4f0; padding: 0 3px; margin-top: 3px;;color: var(--color-base)">Developer</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content">

<ul><li><a href="HyperCard" title="HyperCard">HyperCard</a></li>

<li><a href="MacsBug" title="MacsBug">MacsBug</a></li>

<li><a href="Macintosh_Programmer's_Workshop" title="Macintosh Programmer's Workshop">Macintosh Programmer's Workshop</a></li>

<li><a href="ResEdit" title="ResEdit">ResEdit</a></li></ul></div></div></td>

</tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content">

<div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #e4e4f0; padding: 0 3px; margin-top: 3px;;color: var(--color-base)">Technology</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content">

<ul><li><a href="Alias_(Mac_OS)" title="Alias (Mac OS)">Alias</a></li>

<li><a href="Appearance_Manager" title="Appearance Manager">Appearance Manager</a></li>

<li><a href="Apple_menu" title="Apple menu">Apple menu</a></li>

<li><a href="Balloon_help" title="Balloon help">Balloon help</a></li>

<li><a href="Bomb_(icon)" title="Bomb (icon)">Bomb error</a></li>

<li><a href="Command_key" title="Command key">Command key (⌘)</a></li>

<li><a href="System_Preferences" class="mw-redirect" title="System Preferences">Control Panel</a></li>

<li><a href="Control_Strip" title="Control Strip">Control Strip</a></li>

<li><a href="Creator_code" title="Creator code">Creator code</a></li>

<li><a href="Dogcow" title="Dogcow">Dogcow</a></li>

<li><a href="Extension_(Mac_OS)" title="Extension (Mac OS)">Extensions</a></li>

<li><a href="Hierarchical_File_System_(Apple)" title="Hierarchical File System (Apple)">Hierarchical File System</a></li>

<li><a href="Keychain_(software)" title="Keychain (software)">Keychain</a></li>

<li><a href="Label_(Mac_OS)" title="Label (Mac OS)">Labels</a></li>

<li><a href="Macintosh_File_System" title="Macintosh File System">Macintosh File System</a></li>

<li><a href="Macintosh_Toolbox" title="Macintosh Toolbox">Macintosh Toolbox</a></li>

<li><a href="Manager_(Mac_OS)" title="Manager (Mac OS)">Managers</a></li>

<li><a href="MultiFinder" title="MultiFinder">MultiFinder</a></li>

<li><a href="Option_key" title="Option key">Option key (⌥)</a></li>

<li><a href="OSType" class="mw-redirect" title="OSType">OSType</a></li>

<li><a href="QuickDraw" title="QuickDraw">QuickDraw</a></li>

<li><a href="QuickTime" title="QuickTime">QuickTime</a></li>

<li><a href="Resource_fork" title="Resource fork">Resource fork</a></li>

<li><a href="Sosumi" title="Sosumi">Sosumi sound</a></li>

<li><a href="Macintosh_startup" title="Macintosh startup">Startup sequence</a></li>

<li><a href="System_folder" title="System folder">System folder</a></li>

<li><a href="System_suitcase" title="System suitcase">System suitcase</a></li>

<li><a href="WorldScript" title="WorldScript">WorldScript</a></li></ul></div></div></td>

</tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content">

<div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #e4e4f0; padding: 0 3px; margin-top: 3px;;color: var(--color-base)">Related</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content">

<ul><li><a href="Mac_OS_memory_management" class="mw-redirect" title="Mac OS memory management">Memory management</a></li>

<li><a href="Old_World_ROM" title="Old World ROM">Old World ROM</a></li>

<li><a href="New_World_ROM" title="New World ROM">New World ROM</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_old_Macintosh_software" class="mw-redirect" title="List of old Macintosh software">Software</a></li>

<li><a href="Mac_transition_to_PowerPC_processors" title="Mac transition to PowerPC processors">Transition to PowerPC processors</a></li></ul></div></div></td>

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</style></td></tr></tbody></table>

<p><b>Mac OS 8</b> is the eighth major release of the <a href="Classic_Mac_OS" title="Classic Mac OS">classic Mac OS</a> <a href="Operating_system" title="Operating system">operating system</a> for <a href="Mac_(computer)" title="Mac (computer)">Macintosh</a> computers, released by <a href="Apple_Computer" class="mw-redirect" title="Apple Computer">Apple Computer</a> on July 26, 1997.<sup id="cite_ref-Mac_OS_8_Sales_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mac_OS_8_Sales-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It includes the largest overhaul of the classic Mac OS experience since the release of <a href="System_7_(Macintosh)" class="mw-redirect" title="System 7 (Macintosh)">System 7</a>, approximately six years before. It places a greater emphasis on color than prior versions. Released over a series of updates, Mac OS 8 represents an incremental integration of many of the technologies which had been developed from 1988 to 1996 for Apple's ambitious OS named <a href="Copland_(operating_system)" title="Copland (operating system)">Copland</a>. Mac OS 8 helped modernize the Mac OS while Apple developed its next-generation operating system, <a href="MacOS" title="MacOS">Mac OS X</a> (renamed in 2012 to OS X and then in 2016 to macOS).

</p><p>Mac OS 8 is one of Apple's most commercially successful software releases, selling over 1.2 million copies in the first two weeks.<sup id="cite_ref-Mac_OS_8_Sales_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mac_OS_8_Sales-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Cyberian_Sales_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cyberian_Sales-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As it came at a difficult time in Apple's history, many <a href="Copyright_infringement#"Piracy"" title="Copyright infringement">pirate</a> groups refused to traffic in the new OS, encouraging people to buy it instead.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>Mac OS 8.0 introduces the most visible changes in the lineup, including the <a href="Appearance_Manager" title="Appearance Manager">Platinum</a> interface and a native <a href="PowerPC" title="PowerPC">PowerPC</a> <a href="Thread_(computing)" title="Thread (computing)">multithreaded</a> <a href="Finder_(software)" title="Finder (software)">Finder</a>. Mac OS 8.1 introduces a new, more efficient <a href="File_system" title="File system">file system</a> named <a href="HFS_Plus" title="HFS Plus">HFS Plus</a>. Mac OS 8.5 is the first version of the Mac OS to require a <a href="PowerPC" title="PowerPC">PowerPC</a> processor. It features PowerPC native versions of <a href="QuickDraw" title="QuickDraw">QuickDraw</a>, <a href="AppleScript" title="AppleScript">AppleScript</a>, and the <a href="Sherlock_(software)" title="Sherlock (software)">Sherlock</a> search utility. Its successor, <a href="Mac_OS_9" title="Mac OS 9">Mac OS 9</a>, was released on October 23, 1999.

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Copland">Copland</h2></div>

<div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="Copland_(operating_system)" title="Copland (operating system)">Copland (operating system)</a></div>

<p>Starting in 1988, Apple's next-generation operating system, which it originally envisioned to be "System 8" was codenamed Copland. It was announced in March 1994 alongside the introduction of the first PowerPC Macs. Apple intended Copland as a fully modern system, including native PowerPC code, <a href="Intelligent_agent" title="Intelligent agent">intelligent agents</a>, a <a href="Microkernel" title="Microkernel">microkernel</a>, a customizable interface named <a href="Appearance_Manager" title="Appearance Manager">Appearance Manager</a>, a <a href="Hardware_abstraction_layer" class="mw-redirect" title="Hardware abstraction layer">hardware abstraction layer</a>, and a <a href="Relational_database" title="Relational database">relational database</a> integrated into the Finder. Copland was to be followed by <a href="Copland_(operating_system)" title="Copland (operating system)">Gershwin</a>, which promised <a href="Memory_protection" title="Memory protection">memory protection</a> spaces and full <a href="Preemption_(computing)" title="Preemption (computing)">preemptive multitasking</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Copland_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Copland-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The system was intended to be a full rewrite of the Mac OS, and Apple hoped to beat Microsoft <a href="Windows_95" title="Windows 95">Windows 95</a> to market with a development cycle of only one year.

</p><p>The Copland development was hampered by many missed deadlines. The release date was first pushed back to the end of 1995, then to mid-1996, late 1996, and finally to the end of 1997. With a dedicated team of 500 software engineers and an annual budget of $250 million, Apple executives began to grow impatient with the project continually falling behind schedule. In August 1996, Apple <a href="Chief_technology_officer" title="Chief technology officer">chief technology officer</a> <a href="Ellen_Hancock" title="Ellen Hancock">Ellen Hancock</a> froze development of Copland<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Apple began a search for an operating system developed outside the company.<sup id="cite_ref-Copland_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Copland-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This ultimately led to Apple buying <a href="NeXT" title="NeXT">NeXT</a> and developing <a href="Rhapsody_(operating_system)" title="Rhapsody (operating system)">Rhapsody</a> which would eventually evolve into <a href="MacOS" title="MacOS">Mac OS X</a> in 2001 (now named macOS).

</p><p>At the <a href="Worldwide_Developers_Conference" title="Worldwide Developers Conference">Worldwide Developers Conference</a> in January 1997, Apple <a href="Chief_executive_officer" title="Chief executive officer">chief executive officer</a> (CEO) <a href="Gil_Amelio" title="Gil Amelio">Gil Amelio</a> announced that, rather than release Copland as one monolithic release, Copland features would be phased into the Mac OS following a six-month release cycle. These updates began with Mac OS 7.6, released during <a href="WWDC" class="mw-redirect" title="WWDC">WWDC</a>. Mac OS 8.0, released six months later, continued to integrate Copland technologies into the Mac OS.<sup id="cite_ref-Apple:_The_Inside_Story_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Apple:_The_Inside_Story-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<p>Developed with the <a href="Codename" class="mw-redirect" title="Codename">codename</a> "Tempo", Mac OS 8.0 was announced on July 22, 1997,<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and released on July 26. The early beta releases of the product which were circulated to developers and Apple internal audiences, were branded as Mac OS 7.7, superseding the then-current release, Mac OS 7.6. The software was renamed Mac OS 8 before final release.

</p><p>Major changes in this version included the <a href="Appearance_Manager" title="Appearance Manager">Platinum theme</a>, a Finder which was PowerPC-native and multithreaded, and greater customization of the <a href="User_interface" title="User interface">user interface</a>.

</p><p>Other features introduced in Mac OS 8.0 include the following:<sup id="cite_ref-Mac_OS_8.0_Features_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mac_OS_8.0_Features-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<ul><li>Customization of system fonts and increased use of the user-set accent color.</li>

<li>Pop-up <a href="Context_menu" title="Context menu">context menus</a>, accessed via ctrl-click with a one-button mouse.</li>

<li>Pop-up (or tabbed) windows in the Finder.</li>

<li>Spring-loaded folders.</li>

<li>Live scrolling.</li>

<li>WindowShade widget in window titlebars.</li>

<li>Multithreaded <a href="Finder_(software)" title="Finder (software)">Finder</a> — file copy operations run in a separate thread and don't block the Finder UI.</li>

<li>Redesigned color picker.</li>

<li>Desktop Pictures control panel, allowing photographs to be set as the desktop background; not only tiled patterns.</li>

<li>Simple Finder, an option which reduces Finder menus to basic operations, to avoid overwhelming new users.</li>

<li>Relocation of the 'Help' menu from an icon at the right end of the menu bar to a standard textual menu positioned after the application's menus.</li>

<li>A faster Apple Guide, featuring <a href="HTML" title="HTML">HTML</a> help pages.</li>

<li>Native support of <a href="Apple_Filing_Protocol" title="Apple Filing Protocol">Apple Filing Protocol</a> over IP.</li>

<li>Performance improvements to <a href="Virtual_memory" title="Virtual memory">virtual memory</a>, AppleScript execution and system startup times.</li>

<li>Faster desktop rebuilding.</li></ul>

<p>Released on January 19, 1998, Mac OS 8.1 was the last version of the Mac OS to run on Macs with <a href="Motorola_68000_series" title="Motorola 68000 series">Motorola 68000 series</a> processors. It addressed performance and reliability improvements. It introduced a new file system named <a href="HFS_Plus" title="HFS Plus">HFS+</a>, also named Mac OS Extended, which supported large file sizes and made more efficient use of larger hard drives via using a smaller block size. To upgrade, users must <a href="Disk_format" class="mw-redirect" title="Disk format">reformat</a> the hard drive, which deletes the entire contents of the drive. Some third-party utilities later appeared that preserved the user's data while upgrading to HFS+. The 68040 systems do not support booting from HFS+ disks; the boot drive must be HFS.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>Mac OS 8.1 was the first system to have a <a href="Universal_Disk_Format" title="Universal Disk Format">Universal Disk Format</a> (UDF) driver,<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> allowing for <a href="DVD" title="DVD">DVD</a> support on the Mac for the first time. It also shipped with the new <a href="Java_(programming_language)" title="Java (programming language)">Java</a> runtime (JDK 1.1.3).

</p><p>Mac OS 8.1 also included an enhanced version of <a href="PC_Exchange" title="PC Exchange">PC Exchange</a>, allowing Macintosh users to see the long file names (up to 255 characters) on files that were created on PCs running <a href="Microsoft_Windows" title="Microsoft Windows">Microsoft Windows</a>, and supporting <a href="File_Allocation_Table#FAT32" title="File Allocation Table">FAT32</a>.

</p><p>Mac OS 8.1 is the earliest version of the Mac OS that can run <a href="Carbon_(API)" title="Carbon (API)">Carbon</a> applications. Carbon support requires a PowerPC processor and installation of the CarbonLib software from Apple's website; it is not a standard component of Mac OS 8.1. Applications needing later versions of CarbonLib will not run on Mac OS 8.1. More recent versions of CarbonLib require Mac OS 8.6.

</p><p>As part of <a href="Internet_Explorer_for_Mac" title="Internet Explorer for Mac">Apple's agreement with Microsoft</a>, 8.1 included <a href="Internet_Explorer_3" title="Internet Explorer 3">Internet Explorer 3</a> initially, but soon switched to <a href="Internet_Explorer_4" title="Internet Explorer 4">Internet Explorer 4</a> as its default browser.

</p><p>Mac OS 8.1 was free for Mac OS 8 owners and was available in February 1998 via the apple.com website.

</p>

<p>Released October 16, 1998,<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mac OS 8.5 was the first version of the Mac OS to run solely on <a href="Mac_(computer)" title="Mac (computer)">Macs</a> equipped with a <a href="PowerPC" title="PowerPC">PowerPC</a> processor. If Mac OS 8.5 is installed on a 68k system, the <a href="Sad_Mac" class="mw-redirect" title="Sad Mac">Sad Mac</a> error screen will appear. As such, it replaced some, but not all, of the 680x0 code with <a href="PowerPC" title="PowerPC">PowerPC</a> code, improving system performance by relying less on <a href="Mac_68k_emulator" title="Mac 68k emulator">680x0 emulation</a>.

</p><p>It introduced the <a href="Sherlock_(software)" title="Sherlock (software)">Sherlock</a> search utility. This allowed users to search the contents of documents on hard drives (if the user had let it index the drive), or extend a search to the Internet. Sherlock plug-ins started appearing at this time; these allowed users to search the contents of other websites.

</p><p>Mac OS 8.5 includes several performance improvements. Copying files over a network was faster than prior versions and Apple advertised it as being "faster than Windows NT".<sup id="cite_ref-Mac_OS_8.5_Press_Release_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mac_OS_8.5_Press_Release-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="AppleScript" title="AppleScript">AppleScript</a> was also rewritten to use only PowerPC code, which improved AppleScript execution speed significantly.

</p><p>Font Smoothing, system-wide <a href="Font_rasterization" title="Font rasterization">antialiasing</a> for type was also introduced. The <a href="HTML" title="HTML">HTML</a> format for online help, first adopted by the Finder's Info Center in Mac OS 8, was now used throughout. This made it easier for software companies to write online help systems. The PPP control panel was removed and replaced with Remote Access, which provides the same functionality but also allows connections to <a href="AppleTalk_Remote_Access" title="AppleTalk Remote Access">AppleTalk Remote Access</a> (ARA) servers.

</p><p>The installation process was simplified considerably in Mac OS 8.5. In earlier versions the installer worked in segments and often required a user to click to continue in between stages of the installation. This was a holdover from the days when the OS was distributed on multiple floppy disks, <a href="Disk_swapping" title="Disk swapping">disk swapping</a> promoting a natural segmentation model. The Mac OS 8.5 installer generally required very little user interaction once it was started. Customisation options were also much more detailed yet simpler to manage.

</p><p>From Mac OS 8.5 onward, MacLinkPlus document translation software is no longer bundled as part of the Mac OS.

</p><p>Mac OS 8.5 was the first version of the Mac OS to support <a href="Appearance_Manager" title="Appearance Manager">themes</a>, or skins, which could change the default Apple Platinum look of the Mac OS to "Gizmo" or "HiTech" themes. This radical changing of the computer's appearance was removed at the last minute, and appeared only in beta versions, though users could still make (and share) their own themes and use them with the OS. The Appearance control panel was also updated to support proportional scroll bars, and added the option for both scroll arrows to be placed at the bottom of a scroll bar.

</p><p>Along with themes support, 8.5 was the first version to support <a href="32-bit" class="mw-redirect" title="32-bit">32-bit</a> <a href="Icon_(computing)" title="Icon (computing)">icons</a>. Icons now had <a href="24-bit" class="mw-redirect" title="24-bit">24-bit</a> color (16.7 million colors) and an <a href="8-bit" class="mw-redirect" title="8-bit">8-bit</a> <a href="Alpha_channel" class="mw-redirect" title="Alpha channel">alpha channel</a>, allowing for transparency-translucency effects.

</p><p>The <i>application palette</i> made its debut with 8.5 – the application menu at the right side of the menu bar could be resized to show the active application's name, or 'torn off' into a palette of buttons. This palette could be customized in many ways, by removing the window frame and changing the size and layout of the buttons. Apple provided no user interface to set these options, instead making them available via AppleScript and <a href="Apple_Events" class="mw-redirect" title="Apple Events">Apple Events</a> and relying on third parties to provide a user interface for the task. By setting it to display horizontally and turning off the window border, the palette's look and function could be configured to resemble the <a href="Windows_95" title="Windows 95">Windows 95</a> task bar.

</p>

<p>Mac OS 8.5.1, released December 7, 1998, was a minor update to Mac OS 8.5 that fixes several bugs that caused crashes and data corruption.

</p>

<p>Mac OS 8.6 was released on May 10, 1999, as a free update for Mac users running 8.5 and 8.5.1. It added support to the <a href="Mac_OS_nanokernel" title="Mac OS nanokernel">Mac OS nanokernel</a> to handle preemptive tasks via the <a href="Multiprocessing_Services" title="Multiprocessing Services">Multiprocessing Services</a> 2.x and later developer API. Mac OS 8.6 improved PowerBook battery life, added Sherlock 2.1, and is faster and much more stable than either version of 8.5.x. It is the first version of Mac OS to display the version number as part of the startup screen. However, there is no process separation; the system still uses cooperative multitasking between processes, and even a process that is Multiprocessing Services-aware still has a portion that runs in the "blue task", which also runs all programs that are unaware of it, and was the only task that can run 68k code.

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reception">Reception</h2></div>

<p>While CNET's initial review of Mac OS 8 was more circumspect,<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> its editorial staff named it one of the best products of 1997 in their year-end roundup.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>MacHome Journal</i> said "OS 8 is a substantial upgrade with greatly enhanced capabilities, particularly for Power Macs. It isn't simply a minor bug fix, as the fractional upgrades to System 7 have been, so it should be high on your list of scheduled software purchases".<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Versions">Versions</h2></div>

<th style="width:8em">Version

</th>

<th style="width:10em">Release date

</th>

<th style="width:20em">Changes

</th>

<th style="width:20em">Computer

</th>

<th style="width:12em">Codename

</th>

<th style="width:10em">Price

</th></tr>

<tr>

</td>

<td>July 26, 1997

</td>

<td>Initial release

</td>

<td>Power Macintosh <a href="PowerPC_G3" class="mw-redirect" title="PowerPC G3">G3</a>

</td>

<td>Tempo

</td>

<td>$99 US

</td></tr>

<tr>

</td>

<td>January 19, 1998

<p><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101204003221/http://docs.info.apple.com/article.html?artnum=30345">(download)</a>

</p>

</td>

<td>HFS+ file system

</td>

<td>iMac (Bondi Blue) Rev. A

</td>

<td>Bride of Buster

</td>

<td>Free update

</td></tr>

<tr>

</td>

<td>October 17, 1998

</td>

<td><a href="PowerPC" title="PowerPC">PowerPC</a> required, Sherlock, Themes, 32-bit icons

</td>

<td>iMac (Bondi Blue) Rev. B

</td>

<td>Allegro

</td>

<td>$99 US

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>8.5.1

</td>

<td>December 7, 1998

</p>

</td>

<td>Crash, memory leaks and data corruption fixes

</td>

<td>iMac (5 flavors)

</td>

<td>The Ric Ford (of <a href="Macintouch" class="mw-redirect" title="Macintouch">Macintouch</a>) Release

</td>

<td rowspan="2">Free update

</td></tr>

<tr>

</td>

<td>May 10, 1999

<p><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://docs.info.apple.com/article.html?artnum=60283">(download)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101204003410/http://docs.info.apple.com/article.html?artnum=60283">Archived</a> December 4, 2010, at the <a href="Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>

</p>

</td>

<td>New <a href="Nanokernel" class="mw-redirect" title="Nanokernel">nanokernel</a> to support Multiprocessing Services 2.0, battery life improvement

</td>

<td>iBook

</td>

<td>Veronica

</td></tr></tbody></table>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Compatibility">Compatibility</h2></div>

<th style="width:220px">Macintosh model

</th>

</th>

</th>

</th>

</th></tr>

<tr>

<th style="text-align: left">All <a href="Macintosh_Centris" title="Macintosh Centris">Centris</a> / <a href="Macintosh_Quadra" title="Macintosh Quadra">Quadra</a> machines

</th>

<td rowspan="5" colspan="2" style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes

</td>

<td rowspan="5" colspan="2" style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th style="text-align: left"><a href="Macintosh_LC_475" class="mw-redirect" title="Macintosh LC 475">Macintosh LC 475</a>, <a href="Macintosh_LC_575" class="mw-redirect" title="Macintosh LC 575">575</a>, <a href="Macintosh_LC_580" class="mw-redirect" title="Macintosh LC 580">580</a>

</th></tr>

<tr>

<th style="text-align: left"><a href="PowerBook" title="PowerBook">PowerBook</a> 190

</th></tr>

<tr>

<th style="text-align: left"><a href="PowerBook" title="PowerBook">PowerBook</a> 520

</th></tr>

<tr>

<th style="text-align: left"><a href="PowerBook" title="PowerBook">PowerBook</a> 540

</th></tr>

<tr>

<th style="text-align: left"><a href="PowerBook_Duo" title="PowerBook Duo">PowerBook Duo</a> 2300

</th>

<td rowspan="26" colspan="4" style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th style="text-align: left"><a href="PowerBook" title="PowerBook">PowerBook</a> 5300

</th></tr>

<tr>

<th style="text-align: left"><a href="PowerBook" title="PowerBook">PowerBook</a> 1400

</th></tr>

<tr>

<th style="text-align: left"><a href="PowerBook" title="PowerBook">PowerBook</a> 2400

</th></tr>

<tr>

<th style="text-align: left"><a href="PowerBook" title="PowerBook">PowerBook</a> 3400

</th></tr>

<tr>

<th style="text-align: left"><a href="Power_Macintosh" title="Power Macintosh">Power Macintosh</a> 4400

</th></tr>

<tr>

<th style="text-align: left"><a href="Power_Macintosh" title="Power Macintosh">Power Macintosh</a> 5200

</th></tr>

<tr>

<th style="text-align: left"><a href="Power_Macintosh" title="Power Macintosh">Power Macintosh</a> 5300

</th></tr>

<tr>

<th style="text-align: left"><a href="Power_Macintosh" title="Power Macintosh">Power Macintosh</a> 5400

</th></tr>

<tr>

<th style="text-align: left"><a href="Power_Macintosh" title="Power Macintosh">Power Macintosh</a> 5500

</th></tr>

<tr>

<th style="text-align: left"><a href="Power_Macintosh" title="Power Macintosh">Power Macintosh</a> 6100

</th></tr>

<tr>

<th style="text-align: left"><a href="Power_Macintosh" title="Power Macintosh">Power Macintosh</a> 6200

</th></tr>

<tr>

<th style="text-align: left"><a href="Power_Macintosh" title="Power Macintosh">Power Macintosh</a> 6300

</th></tr>

<tr>

<th style="text-align: left"><a href="Power_Macintosh" title="Power Macintosh">Power Macintosh</a> 6400

</th></tr>

<tr>

<th style="text-align: left"><a href="Power_Macintosh" title="Power Macintosh">Power Macintosh</a> 6500

</th></tr>

<tr>

<th style="text-align: left"><a href="Power_Macintosh" title="Power Macintosh">Power Macintosh</a> 7100

</th></tr>

<tr>

<th style="text-align: left"><a href="Power_Macintosh" title="Power Macintosh">Power Macintosh</a> 7200

</th></tr>

<tr>

<th style="text-align: left"><a href="Power_Macintosh" title="Power Macintosh">Power Macintosh</a> 7300

</th></tr>

<tr>

<th style="text-align: left"><a href="Power_Macintosh" title="Power Macintosh">Power Macintosh</a> 7500

</th></tr>

<tr>

<th style="text-align: left"><a href="Power_Macintosh" title="Power Macintosh">Power Macintosh</a> 8100

</th></tr>

<tr>

<th style="text-align: left"><a href="Power_Macintosh" title="Power Macintosh">Power Macintosh</a> 8500

</th></tr>

<tr>

<th style="text-align: left"><a href="Power_Macintosh" title="Power Macintosh">Power Macintosh</a> 9500

</th></tr>

<tr>

<th style="text-align: left"><a href="Power_Macintosh" title="Power Macintosh">Power Macintosh</a> 7600

</th></tr>

<tr>

<th style="text-align: left"><a href="Power_Macintosh" title="Power Macintosh">Power Macintosh</a> 8600

</th></tr>

<tr>

<th style="text-align: left"><a href="Power_Macintosh" title="Power Macintosh">Power Macintosh</a> 9600

</th></tr>

<tr>

<th style="text-align: left"><a href="Twentieth_Anniversary_Macintosh" title="Twentieth Anniversary Macintosh">Twentieth Anniversary Macintosh</a>

</th></tr>

<tr>

<th style="text-align: left"><a href="Power_Macintosh_G3" title="Power Macintosh G3">Power Macintosh G3</a> All-In-One

</th></tr>

<tr>

<th style="text-align: left"><a href="Power_Macintosh_G3" title="Power Macintosh G3">Power Macintosh G3</a>

</th>

<td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes: machine-specific version only

</td>

<td rowspan="2" colspan="3" style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th style="text-align: left"><a href="PowerBook_G3" title="PowerBook G3">PowerBook G3</a>

</th>

<td rowspan="10" style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No

</td></tr>

<tr>

</th>

<td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes: machine-specific version only

</td>

<td rowspan="2" colspan="2" style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th style="text-align: left"><a href="IMac_G3" title="IMac G3">iMac G3</a> (266 MHz, 333 MHz)

</th>

<td rowspan="6" style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th style="text-align: left"><a href="Power_Macintosh_G3_(Blue_%26_White)" class="mw-redirect" title="Power Macintosh G3 (Blue & White)">Power Macintosh G3 Blue and White</a>

</th>

<td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes: machine-specific version only

</td>

<td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th style="text-align: left"><a href="IMac_G3" title="IMac G3">iMac G3</a> (Slot Loading)

</th>

<td rowspan="4" style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No

</td>

<td rowspan="4" style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes: machine-specific version only

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th style="text-align: left"><a href="Power_Macintosh_G4" class="mw-redirect" title="Power Macintosh G4">Power Macintosh G4</a> (PCI Graphics)

</th></tr>

<tr>

<th style="text-align: left"><a href="Power_Macintosh_G4" class="mw-redirect" title="Power Macintosh G4">Power Macintosh G4</a> (AGP Graphics)

</th></tr>

<tr>

<th style="text-align: left"><a href="IBook" title="IBook">iBook</a>

</th></tr></tbody></table>

<ul><li><a href="List_of_Apple_operating_systems" title="List of Apple operating systems">List of Apple operating systems</a></li></ul>

<th>Timeline of Mac operating systems

</th></tr>

<tr>

</td></tr></tbody></table></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2></div>

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<li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Read and write version support for UDF version 1.02 only. Some earlier versions of the operating system could support UDF via third-party utilities as far back as 7.5, along with additional UDF version support. Future versions of UDF were not officially supported until 8.6.</span>

</li>

</ol></div></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

<li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://archive.today/20130209071935/http://www.versiontracker.com/dyn/moreinfo/macos/359">https://archive.today/20130209071935/http://www.versiontracker.com/dyn/moreinfo/macos/359</a></span>

</li>

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</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090423083234/http://www.apple.com/ca/press/1997/08/MacOS8Sales.html">"Apple Sells 1.2 Million Copies of Mac OS 8; Best Software Product Sales Ever in First Two Weeks of Availability"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.apple.com/ca/press/1997/08/MacOS8Sales.html">the original</a> on April 23, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 1,</span> 2017</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-Cyberian_Sales-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Cyberian_Sales_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20120718024735/http://news.cnet.com/Mac-OS-8-sales-on-fire/2100-1001_3-202222.html">"Mac OS 8 Sales on Fire"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.cnet.com/Mac+OS+8+sales+on+fire/2100-1001_3-202222.html">the original</a> on July 18, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 30,</span> 2007</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.forbes.com/1997/08/08/column.html">"Where do you want to pirate today?"</a>. <i>Forbes</i>. August 8, 1997. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170827074855/https://www.forbes.com/1997/08/08/column.html">Archived</a> from the original on August 27, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 4,</span> 2017</span>. <q>In fact, the latest word out in the Macwarez scene is that pirates shouldn't copy Apple's OS 8—Mac's latest operating system—they should buy it, since Apple so desperately needs the money.</q></cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-Copland-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Copland_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Copland_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFLinzmayer1999" class="citation book cs1">Linzmayer, Owen (1999). <i>Apple Confidential – "The Copland Crisis"</i>. No Starch Press. pp. <span class="nowrap">225–</span>226.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20120724143151/http://www.businessweek.com/archives/1997/b3509223.arc.htm">"How Apple Took its NeXT Step"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.businessweek.com/archives/1997/b3509223.arc.htm">the original</a> on July 24, 2012. <q>in August, newly hired chief technologist Ellen Hancock froze development altogether.</q></cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-Apple:_The_Inside_Story-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Apple:_The_Inside_Story_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFCarlton1999" class="citation book cs1">Carlton, Jim (1999) [1997]. <i>Apple: The Inside Story of Intrigue, Egomania and Business Blunders</i> (2nd ed.). London: Random House Business Books. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>0099270730</bdi>. <a href="OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/925000937">925000937</a>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/19990220040108/http://product.info.apple.com/pr/press.releases/1997/q4/970722.pr.rel.macos8.html">"Apple Introduces Mac OS 8--Most Significant Macintosh Operating System Release Since 1984"</a>. Apple. July 22, 1997. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://product.info.apple.com/pr/press.releases/1997/q4/970722.pr.rel.macos8.html">the original</a> on February 20, 1999<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 2,</span> 2019</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-Mac_OS_8.0_Features-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Mac_OS_8.0_Features_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFPogueSchorr1999" class="citation book cs1">Pogue, David; Schorr, Joseph (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/mac_Macworld_Mac_Secrets_5th_Edition_1999"><i>MacWorld Mac Secrets, 5th Edition</i></a>. IDG. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/mac_Macworld_Mac_Secrets_5th_Edition_1999/page/n353">318</a>–319. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>9780764540400</bdi>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lowendmac.com/2015/quadra-and-centris-mac-index/">"LowEndMac"</a>. February 13, 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150218231628/http://lowendmac.com/2015/quadra-and-centris-mac-index/">Archived</a> from the original on February 18, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 18,</span> 2015</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFRooney1998" class="citation web cs1">Rooney, Paula (October 2, 1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/19990427233206/http://www.crw.com:80/news/1998/weekending100298/oct02dig01.asp">"Apple Plans Oct. 16 Rollout of Mac OS 8.5"</a>. <i><a href="Computer_Retail_Week" class="mw-redirect" title="Computer Retail Week">Computer Retail Week</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.crw.com/news/1998/weekending100298/oct02dig01.asp">the original</a> on April 27, 1999<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 1,</span> 2025</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-Mac_OS_8.5_Press_Release-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Mac_OS_8.5_Press_Release_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.apple.com/ca/press/1998/10/MacOS85.html">"Apple Introduces Mac OS 8.5 - The Must-Have Upgrade"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090423123845/https://www.apple.com/ca/press/1998/10/MacOS85.html">Archived</a> from the original on April 23, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 10,</span> 2011</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnet.com/tech/tech-industry/mac-os-8-has-arrived/">"Mac OS 8 has arrived"</a>. <i>CNET</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221012233152/https://www.cnet.com/tech/tech-industry/mac-os-8-has-arrived/">Archived</a> from the original on October 12, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 6,</span> 2023</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/19990423133943/http://www.cnet.com:80/Content/Reviews/Special/Best97/ss07.html">"Best of '97: CNET looks back at the year's top products"</a>. <i>CNET</i>. December 30, 1997. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnet.com/Content/Reviews/Special/Best97/ss07.html">the original</a> on April 23, 1999<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 6,</span> 2023</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFStafford" class="citation web cs1">Stafford, Alan. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/19971211195133/http://www.machome.com:80/Features/OS8.html">"8 is Great:Mac OS 8"</a>. <i>MacHome Journal</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.machome.com/Features/OS8.html">the original</a> on December 11, 1997<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 18,</span> 2025</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-versionmatrix-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-versionmatrix_17-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-versionmatrix_17-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-versionmatrix_17-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-versionmatrix_17-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://support.apple.com/kb/HT1835">"Mac OS 8 and 9 compatibility with Macintosh computers"</a>. <a href="Apple_Inc." title="Apple Inc.">Apple Inc.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090304164253/http://support.apple.com/kb/HT1835">Archived</a> from the original on March 4, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 28,</span> 2009</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

</ol></div></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div>

<ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20040222135829/http://developer.apple.com/technotes/tn/tn1102.html">Mac OS 8 - Technical Note TN1102</a> at the <a href="Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> (archived February 22, 2004) from <a href="Apple_Inc." title="Apple Inc.">Apple</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20040410161222/http://developer.apple.com/technotes/tn/tn1121.html">Mac OS 8.1 - Technical Note TN1121</a> at the <a href="Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> (archived April 10, 2004) from <a href="Apple_Inc." title="Apple Inc.">Apple</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20040821145809/http://developer.apple.com/technotes/tn/tn1142.html">Mac OS 8.5 - Technical Note TN1142</a> at the <a href="Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> (archived August 21, 2004) from <a href="Apple_Inc." title="Apple Inc.">Apple</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20040619184151/http://developer.apple.com/technotes/tn/tn1163.html">Mac OS 8.6 - Technical Note TN1163</a> at the <a href="Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> (archived June 19, 2004) from <a href="Apple_Inc." title="Apple Inc.">Apple</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090304164253/http://support.apple.com/kb/HT1835">Mac OS 8 Hardware Compatibility</a> at the Wayback Machine, from <a href="Apple_Inc." title="Apple Inc.">Apple</a></li></ul>

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</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Classic_Mac_OS73" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Classic_Mac_OS73" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Classic_Mac_OS" title="Classic Mac OS">Classic Mac OS</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Versions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="System_1" title="System 1">System 1</a></li>

<li><a href="Classic_Mac_OS#System_1,_2,_3_and_4" title="Classic Mac OS">System 2, 3, and 4</a></li>

<li><a href="Classic_Mac_OS#System_Software_5" title="Classic Mac OS">System 5</a></li>

<li><a href="System_6" title="System 6">System 6</a></li>

<li><a href="System_7" title="System 7">System 7</a>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Applications</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Calculator_(Apple)" title="Calculator (Apple)">Calculator</a></li>

<li><a href="Chooser_(Mac_OS)" title="Chooser (Mac OS)">Chooser</a></li>

<li>Drive Setup</li>

<li><a href="DVD_Player_(macOS)" class="mw-redirect" title="DVD Player (macOS)">DVD Player</a></li>